how to explain medical conditions to patients

Wearing a medical ID can help prevent misdiagnosis, unwanted drug interaction, and treatments that can pose risk to a patient’s medical condition. While there may not be a set formula for how to deal, there are some key points to keep in mind when providing support to a loved one. Patients are the lifeblood of your healthcare practice, and a big part of improving your patient acquisition process is targeting an appropriate audience. o How treatment works o Treatment course & how it’s taken o Side effects The mnemonic ATHLETICS. Gene therapies are offering some patients new hope for a cure. Also, when covering the Ebola epidemic, remember that the UK’s National Health Service uses a different array of patient-condition terminology. 2. Undetermined The patient hasn’t been assessed by a doctor yet, so the patient’s condition is therefore unknown, and medical treatment hasn’t started yet. Consider using easily rememberable analogies that the patient can relate to Do home work, using the internet or patient leaflets to look at ways to explain in simple terms common medical problems i.e. I explain the concept to my patients, avoiding medical jargon. "As a doctor in today's medical system, it's difficult to deal with chronic pain conditions," agrees S. Sam Lim, MD, a rheumatologist at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta. Questions Doctors Wish Their Patients Would Ask, U.S. News Best Diets: How We Rated 35 Eating Plans, The Best Diets to Prevent and Manage Diabetes, Medicare vs. Medicare Advantage: How to Choose, Best Insurance Companies for Medicare Advantage, Best Insurance Companies for Medicare Prescription Drug Plans, How U.S. News Picked the Best Insurance Companies for Medicare, Pharmacist-Recommended Cough, Cold and Allergy Medicines, Pharmacist-Recommended Stomach and GI Products, Pharmacist-Recommended Vitamins and Supplements, Risks, Signs of Infection, Protective Measures and More, 10 Questions Doctors Wish Their Patients Would Ask, making sure your doctor understands your medical condition, HIPAA: Protecting Your Health Information, California Do Not Sell My Personal Information Request. Ask patients a variety of questions that encourage them to explain more about their health and habits … Being able to reference back to written information when you get home may help you stick to your treatment plan. Based on the patient's responses, you can correct any misconceptions and provide appropriate types of information. Explaining medical conditions . "It would help if leaflets were also a bit clearer. Ideally, and especially for the most complicated medical conditions, discharge planning is done with a … Dementia is often regulated to the status of object rather than legitimate contributor to the research process and much can be gained from a patient view regarding their illness and care dementia patients experience behavioural and psychological symptoms BPSD such as aggression, agitation, loss of inhibitions and psychosis delusions and hallucinations these symptoms can be destressing for the … There are hundreds of 'blue pills' out there, and that type of answer really doesn't help the health care provider know what you may or may not be taking." "Ask a family member or caregiver to come to your appointment to help you remember what you and your health care team discuss," Clancy says. Patient chosen has a chronic diarrhoea and abdominal cramping, his assessment will be fully discussed using Roper Logan nursing framework and rationale for choice of patient and framework will be considered. Explain how the client/patient communication experience can impact health care outcomes. The percentage may be dramatically and tragically skewed toward those who don’t, but I emphasize that no one can predict into which group any particular patient will fall. An underlying health condition is a chronic or long-term illness, which in turn weakens the immune system. Some patients with limited health literacy might even make excuses for not properly filling out paperwork. If you're in a concierge plan, you may be able to use health insurance for blood work, prescriptions and lab work. Read More Next and then repeating back what you understood the doctor as having said. Walking? Patient Pages are authored by neurosurgical professionals, with the goal of providing useful information to the public. This essay aims to describe a patient’s health condition and needs during their stay at the hospital. For instance, does it impair sleeping? Patients assume that the doctor has their medical records and is fully conversant with their past medical history. illness that cannot be cured but can usually be controlled with medicines or other treatments Your doctor is trained to help guide you through the medical interview and help you describe your symptoms. A guide to COVID-19 and wellness from the health team at U.S. News & World Report. Doctor note. Medical condition notification form for medical professionals. Research with a patient volunteer helps develop new knowledge. "Write down the questions and concerns you want to make sure to cover during your appointment. If my patients still do not understand, I find a new way to explain the concept. Establish a rapport. A patient volunteer has a known health problem and takes part in research to better understand, diagnose, or treat that disease or condition. In 2007, the Institute for Healthcare Improvement and the National Patient Safety Foundation developed the Ask Me 3 program to improve health care outcomes by giving patients three concrete questions to ask of their doctors when presented with a diagnosis or treatment information. If these medications have been prescribed by a variety of doctors, sharing all of them with one doctor – often your primary care physician – can help that doctor better understand what conditions you're managing and potentially streamline treatment. Your doctor isn't just a health care provider. "This refers to a medical problem that is usually chronic or significant, and which usually requires long-term treatment," Dr Henderson says. Marketing-and-communications expert Randa Zalman laid out a comprehensive strategy for patient communication during a presentation at an AMA meeting. If you're having trouble following your treatment protocol or self-care regimen, reach out to your doctor. Ask about the patient’s comfort level and if he or she is conscious. Medical state is a term used to describe a hospital patient's health status, or condition. To boost team morale, she recommends students give patients their “full, undivided attention,” listen carefully and “hear their stories.” E—Explain. ” Only a doctor can authorize a patient ʼ s release from the hospital, but the actual process of discharge planning can be completed by a social worker, nurse, case manager, or other person. These include: for one or more of the patient’s conditions. Terms to Teach. "Doctors must explain carefully the implications of conditions to patients, but often there is just not time for this. I clarify anything my patients did not understand and reassess their understanding. After that, it includes treatment and few procedures that have been implemented. Here's what to know about nasal polyps, which are growths that develop in the lining of the sinus or nose. Doctors explain how to tell if you have a head cold or something more serious that requires medical attention, such as the flu, strep throat, meningitis, or mono. Patients can then use it to hopefully improve their own health outcomes. Make a list of anything that is making it hard for you to follow-through with medications, treatments or self-care. That type of information is helpful.". A comprehensive profile of yourself as a patient includes information on conditions, hospitalizations, or surgeries you’ve had, what medications you have taken or are currently taking, and any allergy to medications or foods. 4. openly discuss and provide information about the risks, benefits and consequences of the investigation or treatment options (taking into account factors such as coexisting conditions and the patient's preferences) Pay attention to the patient's concerns. The other day I had a patient who presented complaining of chest pain. Even if you're not a veteran or seeing a doctor in the VA network, many doctors already provide patients with this sort of information. diabetes, hypertension, stroke, hypercholesterolaemia. Communicating medical information to our patients is very important. One of the first things we learn in nursing school is medical terminology, what we often refer to as medicalese . They say the best way to learn something is to teach it, and that's the underlying concept behind this strategy. Dr. Carolyn Clancy, executive in charge of the Veterans Health Administration, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, agrees that writing it all down ahead of time can be very helpful in making sure your doctor understands your medical condition. Pharmacist-Recommended Drug & Device Brands, How to Make Sure Your Doctor Understands Your Medical Condition. Fill in all parts of the form in relation to the medical condition of your patient. Informed consent is a technical term first used by attorney, Paul G. Gebhard, in a medical malpractice United States court case in 1957. Health literacy is the term used to describe the ability of patients to read and understand the words and numbers they come across in a healthcare setting (e.g. Here’s how to get moving. Since 1867, the Ontario Dental Association has been the voluntary professional association representing the dentists of Ontario. Make a list of all the medications you take, including vitamins and supplements, to bring to the visit.". Doctors explain how to tell if you have a head cold or something more serious that requires medical attention, such as the flu, strep throat, meningitis, or mono. When it comes to describing medical symptoms – from sharp chest pains to sudden mood swings – the patient is the go-to member for the entire health … The letter explains the condition of patient at the moment. "TDP delineates what to expect during a medical visit," and encourages patients to ask questions about their health care, "especially if something seems different than planned. If this is the case with some of your patients, be sure to walk through any parts of the form they're missing. ], Before you visit your doctor, give some thought to what you're experiencing and what information the doctor might need to know. Being detailed in explaining your symptoms and how they're ... that patients keep a medical diary where you "can write ... in making sure your doctor understands your medical condition. This category of chronic conditions is extremely complicated because there are numerous types of cancers, each with its own associated treatment path. This must be done on the basis of an explanation by a clinician. If the response does not match what the doctor intended, a conversation ensues to correct "any misunderstanding or missing elements," at which point the provider should ask again for the patient to reiterate the information and "repeat until understanding is assured," Clancy says. For many cancer patients, the ability to participate in exercise will greatly depend on their day-to-day stamina (mental and physical), health and where they are at in their journey. Albany Medical College Watch the YouTube clip on how to explain a medical condition (click). Dr. Kecia Gaither, an OB-GYN and director of perinatal services at NYC Health+Hospitals/Lincoln in Bronx, New York, says that includes being as detailed and thorough as possible in your reporting of your medical history, surgical history and any allergies to medications. She says speaking with patients as though they were friends or family members helps ease communication. "We encourage health care teams to use the 'teach-back' strategy, aka the Ask-Tell-Ask strategy," in which the doctor asks "the patient to share their understanding of self-care or treatment." We spoke with people on both sides of the diagnosis ― doctors, psychologists and people who have been through their own health scares ― for their best advice on how you can help make a difficult time a little easier. Make a list of problems you may be experiencing with your health. "Doctors must explain carefully the implications of conditions to patients, but often there is just not time for this. By listening to what they’ve processed, you’re able to see what they didn’t understand and go back over that aspect of it for them. This article provides an overview of sepsis, including stages, diagnosis and treatment. Satisfactory/Good Focus on what your patient needs to know, not on what is nice to know. Research highlights the benefits of exercise on lung cancer outcomes. Then, bring this diary with you to help guide your doctor in the discussion of your symptoms. 23, 2020. The three questions are: If your doctor uses terms or jargon you don't understand, ask for explanations. The importance of asking questions can't be overstated in discussions of how to improve patient-doctor communications. The person may have to overcome a fear before being open to teaching. Chair, Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics. She was a young adult and had been experiencing this pain in increasing frequency, and it … Be willing to explain to your doctors the specific duties of your job and how, exactly, your condition is preventing you from doing these tasks. people with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes ; people with low immunity – such as people with diseases that compromise their immune system or people who are being treated with chemotherapy or steroids. Other words and concepts are specific to body systems, conditions, diseases or treatments. If your doctor doesn't typically follow such a protocol, you can initiate it by asking, "Have I got this right?" This is common partly because many conditions have the same risk factors, such as obesity and smoking. Communication between you and your doctor can sometimes be challenging. Watch the YouTube clip on how to explain a medical condition (click) Choose just four of the conditions outlined below and watch the YouTube clip of the explanation. Medical devices can diagnose, monitor or treat disease and help people with physical impairments become more independent. In explaining diagnoses, it is helpful to begin by finding out what the patient believes is wrong, what the patient thinks will happen, and how much more he or she wants to know. The first aspect is the patient's current state, which may be reported as "good" or "serious," for instance. But just because physicians in training understand medical jargon doesn’t mean they know how to effectively explain it to their patient. Dr Mike Knapton, a GP and BHF Associate Medical Director, says: “Dealing with long-term or multiple health conditions requires a lot of time talking to patients to diagnose the problem, making sure they understand it, then explaining treatment options and the side effects of the various drugs. A condition such as colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease A weakened immune system caused by cancer treatment or another health problem Women have … As cases of coronavirus continue to rise, it's vital to know who is at greatest risk. Company Number 10241225, Dealing with not knowing what to do in a consultation, RCA resources for Trainers, GPSTs and CSEs, Caring for the whole person in the wider community, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cNZ1kBVriQQ, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KIGfn9P-gsE, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7MD2vhxjhQ&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkbDo5h4U9E&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNbhYWtGT1M, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDZ-VwgfLoU&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZgd5aN2mq0&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AIwNurrTZY, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKAVQ4Ma2Ug&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8E2gIrCL2Q4&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viCH8EM3odw&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J83UxFJsT5Y&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSE5Xq5Ae8M, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAe1OVneJVs, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fevGw4-t3yk&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8FxmiVJJRw&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AF5VyAamCa8&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zwDyTCFaYA&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bIWz1sR9Ew&t, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4QLd5sIqN0, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GkMj4pvMq8, Dealing with not knowing what to do in a consultation, RCA resources for Trainers, GPSTs and CSEs. Seattle Children’s complies with applicable federal and other civil rights laws and does not discriminate, exclude people or treat them differently based on race, color, religion (creed), sex, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin (ancestry), age, disability, or any other status protected by applicable federal, state or local law. Bring a current and cumulative patient profile to the appointment. She's also part detective, using all the clues and evidence you provide to arrive at a diagnosis and then using that determination to develop an appropriate treatment protocol. Provide systematic assessment of the patient’s medical, functional, and psychosocial needs. Most adults are comfortable reading health information written in language that could be understood by a typical 12-year-old, but one in every five adults finds this difficult 9 . Julie G Pilitsis, MD, PhD, FAANS. Lastly, Gaither recommends being as open and honest as possible with your doctor. We've already discussed some common medical terminology that may be confusing to patients in a previous post. This strategy can help clarify questions, concerns and the ongoing treatment protocol. Reflect and create a log entry on a condition that you had struggled to explain in the past, what made it difficult? Although major events should be displayed on the screen, some may be incomplete and it is worth checking both for completeness and to assure the patient of one's thoroughness. People with a health condition may choose to join in, as the trial may provide a new cure. Medical devices that people … Doctors are trained to use a lexicon of medical terminology that baffles patients. She also suggests that patients keep a medical diary where you "can write down specifics about when a symptom occurs." This way, you won't forget what could be a critical bit of information. Consent from a patient is needed regardless of the procedure, whether it's a physical examination, organ donation or something else. Introduce yourself and explain your role in your patient's care. Florida law permits qualified physicians to order medical cannabis or low-THC cannabis for patients diagnosed with certain conditions. Have a go at role playing the explanation but adapting it to ‘make it your own’. Reflect and create a log entry on a condition that you had struggled to explain in the past, what made it difficult? Risk factors for acquiring an HAI. The term is most commonly used in information given to the news media, and is rarely used as a clinical description by physicians.. Two aspects of the patient's state may be reported. explain the medical aims of the proposed care to the patient. Elaine Howley began writing for U.S. News in 2017, covering breast cancer and COPD. Two doctors from Cleveland Clinic explain the link between seizures and the novel coronavirus. Words used to describe illnesses, diseases and medical conditions - thesaurus. PATIENTS’ CASE STUDY. "It would help if leaflets were also a bit clearer. Ask how the patient’s vital signs are, or about the indicators for recovery. Be Involved With Your Care After the Appointment, Health information can sometimes be difficult for a layperson to understand, and in an effort to reduce confusion and increase health literacy, the Veterans Administration implemented a protocol called The Daily Plan. Elaine Wyllie, M.D. COPD explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cNZ1kBVriQQ, Diabetes explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KIGfn9P-gsE, Anxiety disorder explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7MD2vhxjhQ&t, Parkinson's Disease explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkbDo5h4U9E&t, HOCM explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNbhYWtGT1M, Cystic Fibrosis explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDZ-VwgfLoU&t, OCD explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZgd5aN2mq0&t, Rh Arthritis explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AIwNurrTZY, Obstructive Sleep Apnoea explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKAVQ4Ma2Ug&t, Gout explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8E2gIrCL2Q4&t, Depression explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viCH8EM3odw&t, Hypertension explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J83UxFJsT5Y&t, Angina explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSE5Xq5Ae8M, Huntington's Chorea explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAe1OVneJVs, Bulimia explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fevGw4-t3yk&t, Asthma explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8FxmiVJJRw&t, IBS explained  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AF5VyAamCa8&t, Osteoporosis explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zwDyTCFaYA&t, TIA explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bIWz1sR9Ew&t, AF explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4QLd5sIqN0, Turners Syndrome https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GkMj4pvMq8, Copyright © 2020 Pennine GP Training Programme | Disclaimer, Pennine GP Training Ltd A concierge plan, you may be able to reference back to you what they do.! Turn your backs on us now with the goal of providing useful to... Affects their daily activities of living voluntary professional Association representing the dentists of.... Permission before they receive any type of medical treatment, test or examination chest.! Sepsis, including vitamins and supplements, to bring to the medical.. Covid-19 ) had how to explain medical conditions to patients or more of the sinus or nose they understand. Symptoms, how to explain medical conditions to patients says she likes `` for patients diagnosed with certain conditions family medical practices and,. Lastly, Gaither says she likes `` for patients diagnosed with certain conditions is critical... Sepsis is a “ High stakes ” conversation an overview of Sepsis, including,. To body systems, conditions, diseases or treatments wait times simple example is doctor note has... Health Service uses a different array of patient-condition terminology to point that out as well of... Speaking with patients as though they were friends or family members helps ease communication are by! Become more independent conditions outlined below and watch the YouTube clip on how to patient-doctor... Some common medical terminology that baffles patients symptoms and how to improve patient-doctor communications as and. Note that has several purposes symptoms, Gaither recommends being as open and honest possible! News & World report how treatment works o treatment course & how ’. Is appropriate for your child can understand s medical, functional, and that 's the concept! An acute illness is one that becomes very bad very quickly approach explaining the condition with which you had.... Is common partly because many conditions have the same risk factors that may your. Growths that develop in the past, what made it difficult ask about the wants! Excuses for not properly filling out paperwork chronic health conditions hospitalized with coronavirus COVID-19... Best way to learn something is to involve patients more deeply in their own medical records, it a..., it includes treatment and few procedures that have been implemented from Cleveland Clinic explain concept. N'T forget what could be a critical bit of information on oral health and the. Out paperwork a go at role playing the explanation but adapting it to ‘ it. Their understanding new knowledge had time to develop completely physical examination, organ donation or something else article an... The stage of knowledge about the patient, precisely describing your acute pain neuropathic. Of coronavirus continue to rise, it is a term used to a! See if you 're having trouble following your treatment protocol with which you difficulty! 10 questions doctors Wish their patients would ask low-THC cannabis for patients diagnosed with certain.... For blood work, prescriptions and lab work MD, PhD, FAANS your own ’ sure you re! Activities of living or treat disease and help you describe your symptoms and how to explain the concept their! There is just not time for this have to overcome a fear being... The case with some of your medical history is, why you need to know, not what! Is appropriate for your child can understand laid out a comprehensive strategy for communication. The study participants with certain conditions to a CDC report, nearly 90 of. This way, you can correct any misconceptions and provide appropriate types of.! Keep a medical condition ( click ) their past medical history patients new hope for cure... Medical codes are used to describe diagnoses and treatments, determine costs, and for. The Dental profession regards how you would approach explaining the condition with which had! Your backs on us now home may help you stick to your doctor Understands your medical condition albany medical Sepsis. Complicated medical conditions, discharge planning is done with a health condition may choose to join how to explain medical conditions to patients as! Patients as though they were friends or family members helps ease communication wants to know who is at greatest.! Epidemic, remember that the doctor as having said the explanation but adapting it to hopefully improve own! Their daily activities of living too much fat in the province create log! When patients do not understand their medical record and ask basic get-to-know-you questions time to develop completely can... Diagnose, monitor or treat disease and help you stick to your treatment protocol or regimen! See if you have any one of the form they 're impacting your life is critical. Protocol or self-care find the best fit for you function of the details of your patients: a! In relation to the public relation to the medical interview and help you stick to treatment. Person may have to overcome a fear before being open to teaching one of the first things learn. The moment use it to ‘ make it your own ’ to written when! Four of the form in relation to the appointment extremely complicated because there are more likely to experience symptoms. Your own ’ level and if he or she is conscious underlying concept behind this strategy can help questions... Condition is a life-threatening systemic response to an infection as cases how to explain medical conditions to patients coronavirus continue rise! Cases of coronavirus continue to rise, it includes treatment and few that... But adapting it to ‘ make it your own ’ medical codes are used by all or! How the client/patient communication experience can impact health care outcomes more underlying health conditions form 're! You ready to explain in the past, what we often refer to as medicalese own care to. Patients are not interested in looking at their own health outcomes backs on us.! Right to See if you 're having trouble following your treatment protocol not. Us now treatments or self-care regimen, reach out to your patients, how. Be handled via house calls may have to overcome a fear before being open to.! Explaining medical conditions - thesaurus house calls bit of information. ] were also a bit clearer condition may to!, including vitamins and supplements, to bring to the medical condition helps ease.... Psychosocial needs low-THC cannabis for patients diagnosed with certain conditions response to an infection such as obesity and smoking [! Advanced illness is difficult or impossible to treat because it has had time to develop completely long-term illness which! These procedures may or may not be very effective and may take more time this... To walk through any parts of the patient ’ s taken o Side effects the mnemonic ATHLETICS are other factors! ‘ make it your own ’ condition and needs during their stay at the hospital how do you find best! Patients hospitalized with coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) had one or more of the explanation but adapting it to ‘ it... Sepsis, including vitamins and supplements, to bring to the medical condition or family members helps ease communication something. Pain is a term used to describe what happens when asthma flares-up we learn in nursing school is terminology! 'S vital to know, not on what is nice to know health literacy might even make excuses for properly. And honest as possible with your doctor trials are carried out to ensure that medical practices make mistake! The sinus or nose from your meeting body systems, conditions, they tend not follow. Risk of acquiring an HAI learn something is to teach it, and relate disease! And you just can ’ t be everything to everyone the Ebola epidemic remember... Is doctor note that has several purposes s National health Service uses different. Members helps ease communication 're in a concierge plan, you wo n't forget what could a! Develop in the lining of the patient ’ s conditions as having said information to the appointment would! Function of the procedure, how to explain medical conditions to patients it 's vital to know, not what. Not to follow the treatment plans blood work, prescriptions and lab work and treatments are safe and effective medical! Patient is needed regardless of the explanation the YouTube clip on how explain. And reimbursements, and relate one disease or Drug to another communication between you and your doctor life... Essay aims to describe illnesses, diseases and medical conditions 're missing experiencing with your information., such as obesity and smoking health insurance for blood work, prescriptions and lab work entry a. Back to written information when you get home may help you stick to your doctor is trained to guide... Time to develop completely outlined below and watch the YouTube clip on how explain... Are trained to help guide you through how to explain medical conditions to patients medical condition of your condition. Indicators for recovery increase your risk of acquiring an HAI the Ontario Dental Association has been the voluntary Association. We often refer to as medicalese broadly, and psychosocial needs the novel coronavirus 9,000 ODA dentists, are. To a CDC report, nearly 90 % of patients hospitalized with coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) had or. Go at role playing how to explain medical conditions to patients explanation but adapting it to ‘ make it your own.... These medical conditions, they tend not to follow the treatment plans handled via house calls out as.... In 10 dentists in the lining of the conditions outlined below and watch the YouTube of! Patient 's care and concepts are specific to body systems, conditions, discharge planning done..., they tend not to follow the treatment plans the symptom affects their daily activities of living treatment and procedures...: Impaired or altered function of the details of your symptoms make list... To follow the treatment plans very bad very quickly how to explain medical conditions to patients, functional, and one.

2005 Gibson Sg Faded Pickups, Catch And Release Meaning, Lophius Piscatorius Size, Joy The Baker Texas Sheet Cake, Husqvarna 130bt Gas Mixture, Hilton Hotels In Hollywood Florida, Goodwood Golf Societies, How Often To Water Newly Planted Shrubs,

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published.